Online Nursing FHCHS http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu Online Bachelor of Science Degree in Nursing Thu, 27 Jan 2011 15:50:56 +0000 http://wordpress.org/?v=2.9.2 en hourly 1 Difference Between RN’s and LPN’s http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/difference-between-rn-and-lpn/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/difference-between-rn-and-lpn/#comments Wed, 20 Oct 2010 16:59:53 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=663 The field of nursing is one of the most important professions in the country today. A nursing career typically goes in one of two directions, either that of a Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse (LPN/LVN), or a Registered Nurse (RN). According to a 2005 Bureau of Health Professions report, America is facing a growing shortage of nurses, with 44 states having an insufficient number of nurses to care for patients by the year 2020. The demand for RNs and LPNs is strong and will be growing for at least the next decade, which means that either path you take will be right for you if you have great bedside manners and have a passion for healing. There are many factors to consider when making this important choice, but fortunately the two career paths are far from mutually exclusive.

To become an LPN you will need to finish a year of State-approved training at an accredited institution; typically this means taking courses at a community college. Tuition runs anywhere from under $10,000 to $20,000 for LPN candidates. Training will also include working in an actual hospital, providing basic care to patients. After this you must pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX-PN). LPNs work under the supervision of RNs, and have a limited set of responsibilities. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics as of 2008, the demand for Licensed Practical Nurses is expected to rise by 14 percent. LPNs can earn anywhere from $28,000 per year to over $50,000 in extreme cases, with the average pay rate being around $39,000.

Students training to become Registered Nurses can look forward to paying between $20,000 and $28,000 for tuition. Candidates must either acquire a four-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree, a three-year Diploma in Nursing program or a two-year Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN). According to the American Nurses Association, 58% of nurses take the ADN program and then go on to complete their four-year BSN degree. Hospital experience is acquired during RN training, including two years of clinical practice under supervised conditions at hospitals or nursing homes. RN candidates must take the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses, or NCLEX-RN. RNs work in a supervisory role and may also specialize in certain fields. By 2012 there will be 1.1 million job openings for RNs, who can expect to make between $47,000 and $70,000 per year, with an average annual salary of $57,000.

Registered Nurses are in greater demand than Licensed Practical Nurses, and tend to receive better pay and benefits. However, it is entirely possible, and often recommended, that you become a Licensed Practical Nurse first, and then study to become a Registered Nurse. This career path will provide you with not only the opportunity to work and finance your move to the next level, but also a great deal of work experience.

]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/difference-between-rn-and-lpn/feed/ 0 Do It Yourself Nurse-Build A First Aid Kit http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/do-it-yourself-nurse-build-a-first-aid-kit/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/do-it-yourself-nurse-build-a-first-aid-kit/#comments Wed, 20 Oct 2010 16:06:11 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=653 A first aid kit helps to prepare for any kind of emergency. Nowadays, there’s a trend to build a first aid kit. The main reason that people are building their own first aid kit is because they can customize the kit according to their needs. Whether it’s a home or travel first aid kit, it’s important to have the appropriate items. Here are some of the basic items in any first aid kit.

Acetaminophen tablets: Also called Paracetamol, it is a pain reliever. It helps when people are having fever or pain.

Antihistamine: Antihistamine should be carried for allergies. It also works as a sleep aid. Brompheniramine and Cetirizine are two Antihistamines that help relieve and prevent allergies.

Antiseptic Towels: Antiseptic towels need to be carried to prevent infections while cleaning wounds. All kinds of wounds can be cleaned using such tissues or towels.

Electrolyte packets: Electrolyte packets hydrate the body. They also provide ample amount of salts that the body may lose through sweating. If a person is experiencing nausea and vomiting, it’s always a good idea to use electrolyte packets.

Band Aids: A band aid is a quick fix for smaller injuries especially in areas that cannot be tied up with a gauze roll. It helps to stop minor bleeding and protect the wound from further contamination.

Tweezers: Tweezers are useful if the person has got thorns, splinters or ticks stuck in any part of the body.

Hand Sanitizer: Hand sanitizers usually have ethyl or isopropyl alcohol. They have been found to be more effective for destroying germs as compared to soaps.

Hot and Cold Instant Packs: In cold packs, a compound called ammonium nitrate is used as it absorbs ample amount of heat when dissolved in water. Hot packs contain calcium chloride and release heat the moment it dissolves in water. These packs are extremely useful for relieving aches and pains after a physical activity or injury.

Sterile Gauze Pads: Sterile gauze pads are a great for protecting a bruise from external elements such as dust, twigs, and so on. They also apply the required amount of pressure in order to stop bleeding.

Moleskin: Moleskin is carried for people who are prone to blisters. For people who are traveling to a hotter place or have a long walk ahead, moleskin will help a great deal.

Whenever something has been used in the first aid kit, it’s important to replace it. Also make it a point to update the kit every 5 to 6 months.

  • Anatomy of a First Aid Kit: Published by The Red Cross, the article introduces the need for a First Aid kit and lists items required to be included.
  • Building a Hiker’s First Aid Kit: The article by Washington Trails Association lists items with descriptions to be included in the kit.
  • First Aid Kit: Provides a list of the important items to be put into the first aid kit with other information for disaster or emergency.
  • Emergency Preparedness Plan: An emergency plan by the Department of Emergency, San Francisco to help people build a First Aid kit with other tips for surviving an emergency.
  • Ready America: First Aid Kit: Ready America offers a list of essential items in the first aid kit as well as non-prescription drugs.
  • Safety Standards for Agriculture: Safety measures and accident prevention program by the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries. There’s a section on supplies to be included in a first aid kit.
  • 30 Tips for Emergency Preparedness: The U.S. Department of Homeland Security lists 30 emergency preparedness tips, with the tip #14 explaining assembling of a first aid kit.
  • Building a Personal First Aid Kit: A First Aid handout published by the Outdoor Venture Centre, University of Nebraska. The handout explains the function of every item in the first aid kit.
  • Lightweight First Aid Kit: A brief article published by Idaho State University. It lists several items that can be included in the first aid kit, depending on the requirement.
  • How to Prepare a First Aid Kit: The article by Shelby County Emergency Preparedness lists basic supplies for a First Aid kit along with suggested medications to be included.
]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/do-it-yourself-nurse-build-a-first-aid-kit/feed/ 0 Biochemistry Resources Online – Presented by Florida Hospital College http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/biochemistry-resources-online-presented-by-florida-hospital-college/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/biochemistry-resources-online-presented-by-florida-hospital-college/#comments Wed, 20 Oct 2010 16:00:45 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=647 Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry of living creatures. As a science that grew from physiological chemistry, biochemistry is only a scant 400 years old. The term was not coined until 1882, although many resources peg the beginnings of biochemistry to dates as early as the 1820s. John T. Edsall is considered the father of biochemistry.

History
Few books have been written about the origins of biochemistry. Many believe biochemistry begin in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Enzyme and yeast work by Louis Pasteur, famous for pasteurizing milk, also marked a great shift forward in biochemistry.

Monomers and Polymers
Monomers are single molecules that bonds to other molecules. When several monomers link together they create long chains known as polymers. Polymers are also called macromolecules. The process of creating these chains, which can contain thousands of molecules, is known as polymerization.

  • Animation: Formation of Polymers: This Pearson Education website uses animation (via a shockwave player) to show how monomers join together to form polymers.
  • Polymers: This page provides information on common addition polymers, writing formulas for polymeric macromolecules, properties of macromolecules, and more.
  • Monomers: Provided on this page are images for different types of monomers including ethylene, propylene, vinyl chloride, and styrene monomers.
  • The Giant Molecules of Life: This page provides information on the construction principles of monomers and polymers, also homopolymers and heteropolymers.

Carbohydrates
Comprised of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon, carbohydrates are the power molecules of living things. They provide energy for metabolism, secretion of waste, and a myriad of other essential functions. Types of carbohydrates include cellulose, starches, and sugars like polysaccharides and monosaccharides. In a carbohydrate molecule, there are two hydrogen atoms for each atom of oxygen. The number of carbon atoms is equal to the number of oxygen atoms.

  • Composition of Carbohydrates: This site using diagrams and text to show how carbon molecules and hydrogen molecules align to form four types of carbohydrates.
  • Chemical Reactions: This site shows various carbohydrate formulas and the chemical reactions that result from oxidation.
  • Carbohydrate Basics: This site defines carbohydrates and discusses the chemical basics of sugars such as glucose, cellulose, and fructose.

Proteins
Proteins are compromised of amino acids. These acids are fused together by polymers. Proteins aid metabolism and other biochemical functions. They are often referred to as polypeptides.

  • Primary Structure of Proteins: Diagrams and text on this site shed light on the primary amino acid arrangement and bonding for building proteins.
  • Protein Primer: This website, with a clickable table on contents on the left-hand side, offers a primer on proteins. Sections on peptides and amino acids are included.
  • Benefits and Nature of proteins: This summary of the nature of protein highlights the importance of proteins for all living creatures.
  • Functions of Proteins: This site using a sequence of DNA to explore the functions of proteins.

Lipids
Oils, fats, steroids, and waxes comprise a group of chemical compounds known as lipids. All lipids resist dissolving in water, instead forming clusters or clumps that float together in water and water-based solutions. While carbohydrates can be used for immediate energy, lipids are stored and used as future energy. Lipids contain only oxygen atoms, hydrogen atoms, and carbon atoms, arranged in a variety of sequences.

  • Structure of Lipids: This site looks at how saturated and unsaturated lipid molecules are formed.
  • Membranes: This site offers at look at the polar and non-polar ends of lipids and how lipids compose cell membranes.
  • Lipid Functions: Site uses a chart to illustrate the relationships among lipids, carbohydrates and proteins.
  • Lipid Animation: This site uses videos, diagrams, and animation to explore the basics of lipids.

Nucleic Acids
The study of nucleic acids involves the exploration of monomeric nucleotides that carry genetic code. RNA and DNA are the focus of most research and discussion on nucleic acids. RNA uses ribosomes to transport hereditary details. DNA imprints its genetic code on genes.

  • Basics of Nucleic Acids: This site, using a clickable menu, discusses DNA, RNA, and other basics of nucleic Acids.
  • Purpose of DNA & RNA: This summary of nucleic acids spotlights the importance of DNA and RNA in the genetic code of living beings.
  • Structure of Nucleic Acids: This informative, detailed lecture outline with links to resources explains the structure of nucleic acids and other basic information.

Techniques
Certain techniques and protocol have become standard in biochemical research practices. These techniques cover a range of activities from preparing lab resources to purifying and collecting organic matter for research. Mapping is a common technique used to study patterns in biochemistry. Other techniques include sequencing and blotting.

  • Lab Techniques: This Google Book version of “Clinical Biology: Techniques and Instrumentation” delivers several chapters on modern protocol used in biochemical laboratories.

Famous Biochemists
Biochemists spend their lives studying organic matter at the molecular level. In doing so, they discover diseases, cures, the impact of genetic code and other world-changing information. Many even receive Nobel Prizes for their life’s work. Famous biochemists include Erasmus Darwin, Jean Dausset, and Oswald Avery.

  • Oswald Avery: This biography chronicles the life of Oswald Avery who is credited with discovering DNA.
  • Erasmus Darwin: This site summarizes the life of Darwin’s grandfather, Erasmus Darwin, a physician and naturalist who studied organic nature.
  • Jean Dausset: This Boston Globe archive article cites the receipt of a Nobel Prize in science for Jean Dausset, a researcher of immunology who has spent years studying the genetic structure of cells.
  • Camillo Golgi: This Nobel Prize site reviews the life and accomplishments of Golgi, a noted pathologist.
]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/biochemistry-resources-online-presented-by-florida-hospital-college/feed/ 0 The Doctor’s and Nurse’s Online Handbook to Nephrology http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/the-doctors-and-nurses-online-handbook-to-nephrology/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/the-doctors-and-nurses-online-handbook-to-nephrology/#comments Wed, 25 Aug 2010 15:27:26 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=531 Nephrology is a specialty of internal medicine focusing on the functions of the kidney. While specific to that organ, the practice of nephrology frequently involves the treatment of conditions that are more systemic, as the kidneys are critical to the function of other anatomic systems including the immune and circulatory systems. Among the most frequent conditions that a nephrologist might encounter are hypertension, acute renal failure, and nephrolithiasis (kidney stones). A Nephrologist is a specialist, but remains a skilled internal medicine physician. In this capacity, the nephrologist will frequently work along side physicians of other specialties to address the many illnesses that may occur elsewhere in the body, but frequently affect the function and condition of the kidneys.

Nephrologists and Nephrology Training
The practice of nephrology requires a physician to be qualified to practice a more general form of internal medicine before completing additional training in the specific field. This generally takes the form of a two year fellowship in nephrology, which follows the physician’s residency. This additional training focuses on the maintenance of the chemistry specific to the kidney, as well as all aspects of the treatment of renal failure, including dialysis, transplant maintenance, and renal replacement therapy. Below are several resources which outline the training necessary to pursue a specialty in nephrology:

UCLA Nephrology -An accomplished research and practical fellowship program at the Department of Medicine, UCLA

Section of Nephrology – A well equipped and staffed program at the University of Chicago Department of Medicine

Division of Nephrology – An overview of the nephrology fellowship training program at Duke University School of Medicine

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension – Oregon Health & Science University’s Fellowship Training Program, with an additional Transplant Medicine Training Program

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center – A training program in nephrology, and renal science research

Pediatric Nephrology Fellowship Program – An extensive pediatric nephrology program at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Conditions that Require a Nephrologist
Nephrologists treat a number of varied conditions, including diseases specific to the kidney, such as Proteinuria, (loss of proteins) recurrent kidney stones, and renal failure, an acute loss of function in the kidneys. Nephrologists may also assist in the treatment of conditions that are not specific solely to the kidney, but in which the kidney plays a critical role. These conditions include chronic hypertension and autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Below is information on several conditions of importance to a nephrologist:

Acute Renal (kidney) Failure – Information from the Mayo Clinic

Chronic Kidney Disease – From the National Kidney Foundation

Proteinuria – Information from the National Kidney and Urological Diseases Information Clearinghouse

Lupus – Information from the Lupus Foundation of America about the autoimmune disease

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) – From the University of Michigan Health System

Hypertension – Information from Medicine Plus, a service of the National Institutes of Health

Tests and Exams Performed by Nephrologists
Nephrologists conduct a number of different diagnostic procedures over the course of their practice. Some are simple blood tests, while others (such as angiography) require a surgical approach. A nephrologist may order or perform the majority of these procedures without assistance, but either specialized training or surgical assistance is required for some. Because the kidneys are so directly involved with the urinary tract, a urologist may also be involved in the following tests and procedures:

Urinalysis – An almost universal diagnostic tool

Ultrasound – A visual examination of the physical state of the kidneys

Renal Biopsy – Analysis of a tissue sample from the kidneys

Scintigraphy – A form of nuclear medicine occasionally used to gauge renal function

MAG3 Scans – Used to diagnose renal artery disease causing imbalanced kidney behaviors

CT Scanning – A 3D x-ray scan of the kidneys

Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Internal scan technology which illuminates blood vessels

Angiography – Physical test done within blood vessels – generally aided by one or more scanning methods

Sub-Specialties of Nephrology
Nephrology as a clinical practice is broken into sub-specialties, with physicians in each specialty receiving training appropriate to their field. Additionally, clinical practitioners may also be involved in research into the science of nephrology, though much of this work is performed by non-clinical researchers who are not involved in a clinical practice.

Pediatric Nephrology – An overview of the discipline as practiced at Duke Children’s Hospital

Adult Nephrology – From the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology – Trends in Adult Nephrology Fellowships

Interventional Nephrology – Information explaining what an Interventional Nephrologist does

Transplant Nephrology – Information on transplant nephrology from the UC Davis Division of Transplant Nephrology

Nephrology Organizations
A number of professional, educational, and patient-advocacy groups exist to assist those involved in the field of nephrology and renal disease diagnosis and treatment. These organizations range from the international to the local, and from the general to highly specific. Below is a small sample, but many more exist throughout the world:

National Kidney Foundation – A leading organization promoting research into treatment of kidney diseases and disorders

American Society of Nephrology – A professional organization of over 11,000 physicians and researchers

The American Society of Pediatric Nephrology – Professional organization for pediatric specialists

Kidney & Urology Foundation of America – A national organization dedicated to helping people with kidney and urological diseases

Renal Pathology Society – Disseminating knowledge on the pathology of renal disease

]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/the-doctors-and-nurses-online-handbook-to-nephrology/feed/ 0 Childbirth Education Aids http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/childbirth-education-aids/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/childbirth-education-aids/#comments Thu, 17 Jun 2010 19:51:07 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=417 Childbirth education is beneficial whether it’s your first child or sixth. Childbirth education classes can help prepare you on what’s ahead with the challenges of labor and delivery. The medical field changes constantly and because of that, a person may learn something different in the classes that they never knew before. It also helps capture fears of the labor and delivery process giving a person a chance to ask questions and will also help a partner understand what is about to take place with a delivery. The classes will also address pain options and different benefits of birthing styles, such as, natural or water births. A person can also get a look at a birthing room and review the policies and rules the facility have. Some childbirth education classes also offer more information, like how to diaper a newborn and bathing.

Birthing Education

Pregnancy Wellbeing

Midwifery

Breathing Techniques

Homebirth

Water Birth

Natural Birth

]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/childbirth-education-aids/feed/ 0 Ethical Issues in Nursing http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/ethical-issues-in-nursing/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/ethical-issues-in-nursing/#comments Thu, 17 Jun 2010 19:43:40 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=407 Legal Resources

Code of Ethics Resources

Nursing Organizations

]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/ethical-issues-in-nursing/feed/ 0 Which Nursing Specialty Should I Choose? http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nurse-specialties/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nurse-specialties/#comments Thu, 17 Jun 2010 18:48:36 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=401 What kind of person becomes a nurse, what are their motivations and what diversities are there in nursing?

Many nurses love that there is a constant opportunity to learn, a new challenge almost every day, and they enjoy the interaction they have with new people each day. They either always knew they wanted to be in nursing or they were drawn to it through some personal experience, but they all yearn to help others. When trying to choose which specialty of nursing to get into, it is best if they understand their own interests. Some like to work with babies, some with seniors, others are interested in working with the disabled, or want to work in a hospital. There are many choices of career and a lot of medical facilities waiting to fill positions. With so many challenging positions and opportunities, it’s easy to understand why nursing is truly one of the most rewarding and fulfilling professions there is.

Advanced Practice Nurse

An APN has nursing practice with both expanded and extended skills; with the intense care required, nurses needs knowledge and experience in assessment, implementation, diagnosis, planning, and evaluation. Nurses at this level are at a post-graduate level and can work in a generalist or specialist capacity, but have a high degree of knowledge, experience and skill within the patient-nurse relationship, so as to achieve the best outcomes through problem solving, critical analysis, and evidence based decision making. APN’s show increased degrees of autonomy in judgments and interventions, effective integration of theory, along with having more practice and experiences. In decision-making, they use multiple approaches; they manage the care of groups and individuals; collaborate to achieve the best client outcome; can manage staff and resources; are ethical and function within the legislation and common law affecting nursing. Median salary: $81,397 – Individual practice $89,634.

Ambulatory Care Nurse

Provides for the health needs of groups, families, and individuals in diverse settings, with an emphasis on helping them stay independent and healthy within a patient’s home for as long as possible. Nurse’s use perinatal, pediatric, holistic, and emergent care and have various specialties to choose from. They work for primary care offices, clinics, HMO’s, ambulatory providers, mobile health units, universities, day cares, home health agencies, shelters, retirement communities, and the military. Median salary: $44,000

Camp Nurse

A camp nurse works either for a day camp or in a residential camp setting, providing care for campers and staff. In rare cases, it may be a full time position, but usually it will be a seasonal position that lasts through the summer or it could be split into sessions throughout the full year. It is necessary to be autonomous, able to work outdoors, flexible, and a team player. A nurse could be called upon for anything from caring for minor injuries, rashes, or illnesses, to higher-level care such as tending to broken bones and animal bites. Camp nurses must administer medications and be able to treat wounds, change dressings, and be responsible for identifying infectious disease, while understanding how to plan ahead to reduce the spread of such infections. Camp nursing salaries range from $3,000 to $4,000 for a summer session.

Cardiac Care Nurse

In this field of nursing, a CCN deals with patients and families who suffer from heart disease. They are often Critical Care Nurses in hospitals, with duties that include managing clinical outcomes, customer satisfaction and cost operations, coordinating the daily nursing and interdisciplinary patient care assignments, as well as having advanced certifications. In addition, Cardiac Care Nurses typically hold a Bachelor of Science degree in nursing and can also work in private homes with patients. They assist with cardiac drug monitoring and care for patients who have had angioplasty, bypass, or pacemaker surgery. Median salary: $40,000 to $55,000 annually, though salaries can vary by state.

Certified Nursing Assistant

A CNA assists in the healthcare needs of the patient. They provide bedside care, understand basic nursing procedures, answer to a RN or LPN and assist patients with general healthcare needs. The CAN is really a nurse’s assistant, and often has a high level of experience and ability, but cannot perform some duties because of liability and legal issues. The term certified means that the nurse has gained the necessary experience and academic achievement required by law. They are an important part of the team in healthcare and provide routine care that frees up other nurses and doctors to be involved in the more technical side of care. They must not only be skilled in procedures, but able to observe the patient’s condition and complaints so that proper information can be passed on to the nurse or doctor. Median salary: $23,900.

Community Health Nurse

The CHN dedicates their profession to helping the less fortunate and serve the public/community in health clinics or places like them. They serve those who cannot afford traditional medical services or that do not have insurance. Their first responsibility is to patient care, they are first in helping the patient stay on track concerning their health and they connect patients to other healthcare facilities that can ensure proper care. Underinsured and uninsured patients may have various conditions and the CHN must be prepared to see, diagnose, and treat the issues of those patients. CHN’s also visit patient’s homes in order to treat a wide array of medical conditions; they educate them on ways to prevent dependencies and health problems that range from obesity to substance abuse. They are the main contact these patients have to healthcare. They provide pediatric and prenatal care and may treat pregnant women who do not have insurance. Median salary: $ 51,000

Correctional Nurse

This can be a challenging nursing career as the nurse in a correctional facility cannot have any personal feelings and must act professionally towards the patient in all cases. A correctional nurse needs superb documentation skills and is able to assess a patient instantaneously. The only credentials needed are those of a regular Registered Nurse or a Licensed Practical Nurse. There is however, an available resume booster called a Certified Correctional Health Care Professional certificate. This certificate shows that one is increasing their knowledge and will aid in gaining greater professional recognition in the field. The only difference between this position and that in regular nursing is the location, the workload, and the patients. There will also be a much smaller staff and while there is less use of things like trachs, IV’s, vents, etc. and some technical skills are lost, there is a definite increase in assessment skills and knowledge of a wide base of diseases. Median salary: $63,000

Dermatology Nurse

Nurses in this field are Registered Nurses (RNs) and are responsible for the patient care of those undergoing examination or treatment for varying skin conditions, disorders or disease. They are also responsible for patient education; how to treat wounds, cancer spots, and other skin issues. To become a Dermatology Nurse Certified (DNC), a nurse must take and pass a professional exam given by the Dermatology Nursing Certification Board and have at least two years and 2,000 hours of experience in dermatological nursing, like chemical peels, patient education, skin cancer screenings and dermatological surgery assisting. This certificate is good for three years and then must be renewed with continuing education courses. Median salary: $56,000

Developmental Disabilities Nurse

A DDN works with those who have disorders such as Autism, Downs Syndrome, Cerebral Palsy, and Epilepsy. It is a challenging environment and while a nurse may have a particular specialty, DDN’s must adapt to multiple work demands. Positions are available in school systems, long-term care facilities, mental health facilities, public health, group homes, and hospitals. Nurses must have a deep commitment to continual education and have a great desire to do this kind of nursing. Most nurses would be expected to hold an advanced nursing degree or certification in developmental disabilities and have previous work experience for this field. Median salary: $53,000

Emergency Nurse

The ER Nurse is a Registered Nurse who also has at least a bachelor’s degree in nursing and probably has a RN-BSN. The nurse is trained to care for patients in trauma situations and how to deal with that in an emergency setting. From the time a patient enters the ER, or urgent care facility, the nurse must be ready to handle the situation and to handle a high-pressure environment, while providing instant care. Major injuries and /or very ill patients are the norm and the nurse must be able to deal and assess patients in life-threatening situations quickly. An ER nurse should be well versed in a variety of medical conditions, injuries and ailments, as there will be a different situation around every corner. They must also be able to remain calm in the most chaotic of situations and provide patient care, treatment and preparation for treatments. It is a highly stressful, but also very challenging and diverse area of medicine. Median salary: $57,300

Flight Nurse

When a patient is transported by helicopter or airplane, the flight nurse provides emergent and non-emergent care. This may occur when a patient is transferred from one healthcare facility to another or when there is a medical emergency in a difficult to reach area or in the instance of a highway collision. The nurse provides complex care to those who may be in critical, unstable or ailing condition. This may include; cardiac monitoring, advanced life support, or the administration of medications and IV fluids. It is a pretty autonomous position that holds a great amount of responsibility. The aircraft becomes a mini trauma center, so the flight nurse must be a RN with either an associates or bachelor’s degree in nursing. Some employers also require a nurse to be certified in critical care, emergency, flight and/or transport nursing. Nurses in this field are often used by the military and also in private or public transport companies. Median salary: $66,300

Genetics Nurse

Although it has been around since the 1960’s, genetic nursing was a mostly hidden practice, but is growing quickly. Nurses provide education to patients about their risk for developing disease due to heredity, they counsel them about the risks and benefits associated with genetic testing and base on genetic information, manage disease risk. The nurse’s role has expanded due to new genetic tests that reveal one’s predisposition to such things as ovarian, colon and breast cancer. As of 2002, there is credentialing for genetic nursing, which entails a much broader and more encompassing role than it did previously. To become an Advanced Practice Nurse in Genetics, nurses must be RN’s with at least a Master’s or equivalent in Nursing. They must have at least 3 years genetic expertise with 50% genetic practice, have 5 years of documentation of 50 cases providing genetic health care, four in-depth genetic case histories that reflect ISONG standards of practice, a minimum of 50 contact hours in 5 years of genetic content, and three professional letters of reference. Median salary: $54,000 and up to $92,000 for advanced.

Geriatric Nurse

With people living longer all the time, the Geriatric Nurse is essential. Nurses must understand the specific needs and struggles faced by an aging community and are able to help them maintain a better quality of life. Geriatric Nurses are RN’s who specialize in elderly care; they may work in hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes or in private homes. They perform simple tests like blood pressure, help in the completion of exams, administer medications, help patients adhere to treatment plans, counsel patients on their condition and care, while supplying that same information and care to the friends and family of the patient. Physically, they must be able to stand for long periods of time, regularly lift and bend and able to transport medical equipment or lift an immobile patient. Mentally and emotionally, nurses must be prepared to deal with emotional and stressful situations, they must be prepared to handle death and to counsel loved ones as well. Good communication skills are needed, as are patience and persistence. There are also issues of sanitation, as patients often deal with incontinence or other unsanitary conditions, which must be handled with professionalism and empathy. Median salary: $70,000

Hematology Nurse

Hematology is the study of blood, the organs that create blood and blood related diseases. Specialized training is required to become a Hematology Nurse. A nurse in this field primarily assists patients with blood disorders like sickle cell anemia and hemophilia; they may deal with the daily care of such patients and educate them about their disease and possible treatments. Nurses may have close contact with patient’s families in order to help them cope with their loved ones disease and the hematology nurse also helps them understand the procedures and treatments needed by answering questions and offering reassurance. A 4-year bachelor’s degree, a 3-year nursing diploma and a 2-year associate’s degree will be required to specialize in hematology nursing, as well as some additional training and experience in the field. Median salary: $66,000

HIV/AIDS Nurse

A nurse in this field educates people both young and old, on how to prevent the spread of HIV. He or she helps those who are infected cope with the social, physical, and psychological aspects of the disease while minimizing pain and maximizing independence. They do the same for family members, teaching them both about the disease and also supporting them in their quest to understand how to better aid their loved one. The nurse must also care for the chronically ill patients and those dying from the many clinical manifestations of the disease. A nurse would need wonderful people skills, be able to cope with death, understand stress management, and be open to lifestyle and cultural differences. Certifications would include RN with an AD, diploma, or a BSN, which is preferred. Median salary: $53,000

Holistic Nurse

A nurse in this field has special training that lets them focus on a patient’s healthcare goals and provides individualized treatment for a patient’s emotional, mental and spiritual health. In order to heal a patient, a Holistic nurse uses several different health practices just like any RN, but holistic nurses use non-traditional methods consider the patient as a whole when deciding on treatment plans. They may include, generic medications, Ayurvedic, and Chinese techniques. Treatments could include aromatherapy, art, acupuncture, dance, meditation, massage therapy, mental healing, nutrition, music, physical therapy, and prayer. Nurses consider the spiritual beliefs, physical health, desires and expectations of the patient. They can teach relaxation, provide spiritual support and offer encouragement and support. Nurses quite often tirelessly care for their patients and give exceptional care. Holistic Nursing calls for specially trained RNs. First, a bachelor’s degree is recommended. This would be followed with clinics that explore different hospital settings and give one experience with patients. After this, basic training one would become an RN, take holistic classes, and gain experience in the field by working in a holistic clinic. After becoming an RN, a certificate in holistic nursing can be acquired through the American Holistic Nurses Association. Median salary: $57,000, for nurse practitioners $75,000

Infection Control Nurse

Nurses in this field, isolates sources of infection, educates people on how to reduce the spread of infection and comes up with preventative strategies toward future outbreaks. They provide direct patient care or may serve as a consultant for physicians, nurses, and other health care professionals. They may also be a researcher or an educator in infection prevention and control. There might even be a public focus on issues such as epidemics or bio-terrorism. This field requires a nurse to be a RN and to have expertise in epidemiology antibiotic use, microbiology and clinical practice. Most organizations would like an infection control nurse to have a certification in infection control. Median salary: $59,000

Infusion Nurse

An Infusion Therapy Nurse’s expertise is in maintaining, inserting intravenous lines (IVs), and central lines, which deliver medications and fluids into blood vessels. Nurses in this field are involved in patient care; data collection, consultation with physicians and other nurses; interpretation, analysis; research and education in infusion therapy. An infusion nurse is autonomous and independent and it is important to have a solid background in clinical skills and knowledge, as well as organizational and critical thinking skills. Nurses need clinical experience in their desired setting and may work in acute care facilities, hospitals, long-term care, ambulatory care centers and home health agencies. Certification in infusion therapy nursing, while not required, is highly desirable. Certification is available through a standardized exam for working infusion nurses with at least two years experience. The Infusion Nurses Certification Corporation. Median salary: $67,000

Labor and Delivery Nurse

Nurses in this field should enjoy working with people and be able to work in a high-pressure environment. They are usually involved with the patient from the beginning of labor in order to ensure that both mother and child get all the support and care they need. They are also involved in the care of women who, due to complications, must stay in the hospital before birth. As needed, the nurse helps with the delivery of the baby and provides continued car to the mother and child until they are released. Because emergencies are always possible, the labor and delivery nurse must be trained in neonatal resuscitation and other critical skills. Occasionally they will help mothers who are coping with post-partum depression. One would start as a Licensed Practical Nurse, and then become an RN with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing, and specialized training in the field. Median salary: $40,000, for highly educated nurses up to $90,000

Lactation Consultant

In this position, one would already be a Registered Nurse who specializes in Lactation Consultation. A nurse in this role would coordinate lactation educational activities, such as breastfeeding assessments and patient care. They would consult with inpatient and outpatient clients, health professionals in hospitals as well as the community at large. Nurses in this field may find solutions for patients with insufficient weight gain, cover prematurity issues, mastisis in nursing moms, dealing with a cleft palate and provide up-to-date Woman, Infants, and Children (WIC) program information regarding breastfeeding. Lactation Consultants would monitor inventory, ensure records accuracy, conduct assessments of mothers and infants and assists the Breastfeeding Coordinator in public awareness. Nurses are required to have two years experience providing breastfeeding consultation, assessment, and information to new mothers. They should be knowledgeable in human lactation and breastfeeding, consultation, appropriate educational methods, breast pump application and operation; understand the nutritional needs of infants and moms, understand common impeding problems like medical and physical conditions and be able to provide treatment. Within 18 months of appointment, they should also obtain the International Board Certified Lactation Consultant Certification. Median salary: $56,500

Licensed Practical Nurse

Sometimes called Licensed Vocational Nurses, under the direction of a physician and/or registered nurse, a LPN has a general role and cares for the sick, convalescent, injured, or disabled. They provide basic bedside care, collect samples, record and measure vital signs, give injections or enemas, dress wounds, monitor catheters, keep equipment clean, give massages and alcohol rubs and generally help patients stay comfortable. At times it may be necessary to feed a patient/infant, help them to stand or walk, assist with bathing, dressing and hygiene. LPNs with experience my also supervise nursing aids or assistants. It is also their responsibility to monitor and report reactions to treatments or medications, to gather health and other pertinent information from patients, An LPN must be licensed to practice, which usually consists of a 1-year training program and exam. Median salary: $39,500

Long-Term Care Nurse

Nurses in this field, offer extended care for patients with illnesses, injuries or disabilities. Typically a licensed RN with at least 2000 hours of long-term experience. Nurses rehabilitate and care for the emotional and physical needs of those who are chronically incapacitated such as patients in recovery from surgery or injury, and the elderly. Working mainly in rehabilitation clinics or facilities offering skilled nursing or special needs care. A growing number of Long Term Care Nurses are engaged in home care, meaning working in the patient’s house. Aside from traditional nursing, it is necessary to be exposed to other disciplines, such as sociology, ethics, and psychology. With shifts lasting up to 12 consecutive hours, it is physically and emotionally taxing work and one needs to be physically fit, sensitive, empathetic and resilient. Nurses going into this field may want to concentrate on subjects such as diet, gerontology, physical therapy, psychology and pharmacology, while attaining an Associate’s Degree in Nursing or a Bachelor of Science in Nursing. A Long-Term Nurse must first become a RN and have a minimum of 2,000 hours of clinical practice in a related field. Median salary: $57,200

Medical-Surgical Nurse

Nurses in this field are RNs that work in acute care units, hospitals, home care and long-term facilities. They provide care for adult patients, for the most part, both before and after surgical procedures, or when the patient needs medications to manage illness. Nurses are responsible for handling staff issues and checking the budget; they assist doctors and provide information to the patient and family about payments and formalities. Nurses may rotate throughout a hospital, addressing social issues, assessing patient conditions or confined to an operating room. Varying roles can be entwined in the Medical-Surgical nurses career, from assisting in the administering to the patient or working as a scrub nurse to working outside sterile areas of the surgical room. Nurses may work in emergency, primary care or long-term care facilities. A Bachelor’s of Science in nursing is recommended. Median salary: $70,000

Military Nurse

In the United States military, nurses receive specialized training and travel opportunities. Nurses are in a special military program called the Nurse Corps, they aid in the care of military personnel and their dependents, working in hospitals, clinics or in the field. Responsibilities vary and include, working with other care professionals, charting stats, giving medications, and performing patient assessments. Licensed nurses must be U.S. citizens, have a bachelor’s or master’s degree in nursing, medical and moral standards, be at least 21 years of age, and complete a security check. Salaries are dependant on rank, cost of living, housing and the need for nurses.

Neonatal Nurse

Nurses in this field are involved in taking care of newborns, so a love of babies is needed. Nurses can work in three possible levels in neonatal care. The first level: Caring for healthy newborn babies after childbirth. The second level: Caring for ill newborns or for premature babies. The third level: Caring for newborns with problems above and beyond the first two levels. Nurses in this field may work with babies in very serious condition, suffering things like low birth weight, jaundice, and respiratory disorders. They guide and solve queries from parents about health concerns and must have good communication skills. They must be quick to conquer difficult situations and the presence of mind to convey the right information concerning health issues. Other duties include Primary care, the feeding of premature babies via gavage tube; close monitoring of babies health, technical duties, fulfilling special needs, and providing emotional support. Median salary: $84,000

Nephrology Nurse

A NP is an advance practice nurse that cares for patients with kidney disease or is at high risk for developing kidney problems. They manage the care of patients with kidney issues, and may be a generalist or specialize in hemodialysis, which is a procedure that removes waste from the blood, possibly in association with kidney transplant. A NP functions similarly to a physician, but is limited within the scope of practice. The NP teaches patients and families about related issues, coordinate care given by other healthcare members, and advocate for the patient. Work environments are in physician’s offices, hospitals, outpatient clinics, organ transplant centers, or dialysis centers. Nurses need an to obtain a NP license and a master’s degree in nursing with a focus on primary care of those with kidney disorders. Median salary: $100,000

Neuroscience Nurse

Also known as a Neurology Nurse; nurses in this field, work with disorders and diseases of the brain and nervous system. While doing the work of a regular nurse, they are also specially trained to assist doctors in the care of patients suffering from neurological issues. Their main responsibility is to explain exam procedures such as brain scans, answer patient questions, order tests; evaluate patient health and track vital signs. Neuroscience nurses assist neurology doctors; they must have knowledge of the spinal cord as well as the brain; know the proper techniques to treat patients with head injuries, that are in a coma or have had a stroke. Another role is that of a resource for other staff members. Continuing education is necessary to stay up to date on the latest trends in the neurological care of patients. Median Salary: $70,000

Nurse Administrator

Nurses in this field have degrees in nursing, nursing administration or business and work within the top levels of health care and hospital administration. They oversee and guide a medical institution’s nursing staff.  They coordinate the environment in which care is given and are the first line head nurse, assuming responsibility for resources, personnel, and patient care. They may be responsible for several nursing units or all nursing units as staffing and/or shifts. A manager promotes and directs the development of the nursing staff, establishes and controls the budget and supports the implementation of standards and guidelines of the nursing staff. Median salary: $82,000

Nurse Entrepreneur

Being your own boss is the goal here and opening a business in the health care field makes it possible. Nurses considering this role must know what they want to do and what they are best at. They will need business, people skills and marketing ability. Establishing a business means having a plan that defines objectives and goals for the business, establish income requirements, as well as how a firm foundation will be formed. One must be able to troubleshoot A Nurse Entrepreneur may offer their skills to patients with particular needs, such as diabetes, AIDS, etc. or they may work from their homes. Options are endless, from work at home nurses, to building nursing web sites. Median salaries would vary widely depending on scope of business and/or professional offerings.

Nurse Midwife

A CNM has achieved an Associate’s, Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in nursing as well as completed specialized training in midwifery. She is a primary healthcare provider for usually healthy women whose birthing process should be uncomplicated and not high risk. CNM’s may practice in hospitals, clinics, birthing centers, or in private homes. They are able to care for newborns, prescribe some treatments, medications, medical devices, diagnostic and therapeutic measures, etc. and can give care to women from puberty. Working closely with Obstetricians and Gynecologists in most cases, they can provide consultation or assistance for patients who develop complications during delivery. Median salary: $90,100

Nurse Researcher

A nurse researcher’s responsibilities may include reviewing clinical records for clinical intervention, patient responses, and medications. They compile and enter clinical data into database; collaborates with investigators and statistical consultants; reviews and assesses data collected; and submits documentation and correspondence to comply with protocols. They also screen and recruit people for clinical studies; coordinate clinical studies; administer medication; obtain patient medical histories; attend investigation meetings, and perform other assigned duties. A person in this position must have knowledge of specialized terminology, of medications and dosages; have interpersonal skills; have written and verbal communication skills, and be able to maintain confidentiality, operate a computer, and analyze and interpret statistical data. Minimum educational qualifications include 2 years of research nursing experience and graduation from a RN program with a Bachelor’s degree in nursing preferred. Median salary: $62,100

Occupational Health Nurse

Nurses in this field must have an Associate’s or Bachelor’s degree and meet the states registration criteria. Warehouses, factories, construction sites or other workplaces where they monitor employees and assure they are healthy and safe usually employ them. This is done by identifying and correcting any health hazards that may exist, such as unsafe equipment, hazardous chemicals/materials and procedures that could hurt or expose an employee. Nurses need to have strong skills in science, math and management skills. They must be detail oriented, capable of assessing health and workplace hazard, and be excellent communicators that always keep the worker’s best interests in mind. Median salary: $66,500

Oncology Nurse

Often working one-on-one with patients in hospitals, clinics and private homes, an Oncology Nurse usually has a Bachelor of Science in nursing and is a RN, along with certification in Oncology nursing. Nurses in this field, care for chronically or critically ill cancer patients. They administer chemotherapy, monitor patient progress and implement new methods of treatment. They also may specialize in an area such as pediatric hematology, breast cancer care, or oncology. Much of their job is educating cancer patients about treatment options, particularities of the disease and procedures. This means they must continually educate themselves to keep up with new methods of treatment. Being sympathetic is important as they deal with patients diagnosed with life-threatening diseases. Median salary: $61,400

Ophthalmic Nurse

Provides care to patients with eye disorders, which include blindness or visual impairments. They may teach patients or assist in surgery. Knowledge of the effect of ophthalmic disorders on the body and how to deal with patient’s emotions with adapting to their impairment is important and home visits to educate and comfort are common. A nurse must have people skills, be flexible, have prior experience in surgical nursing, and general multi system nursing knowledge. Median salary: $52,300

Orthopaedic Nurse

Nurses in this field provide care for patients with fractures or other injuries, arthritis, birth defects that affect the skeleton or muscles, and patients undergoing joint-replacement surgery. They perform activities related to patient care in orthopedics, inserting IV’s, changing dressings, and checking the site of surgery. They work in outpatient rehabilitation centers, hospitals, orthopedists offices and home health agencies. Orthopaedic nurses must be RN’s with a two-year degree and 1,000 hours of work experience in the field of orthopedics to receive certification and pass a written exam. Median salary: $72,000

Otorhinolaryngology Nurse

Also known as Head and Neck nursing, these nurses provide support and care to patients having medical and surgical procedures that involve the nose, ears, and throat. They should be able to deal with patient grief and self-image; be able to educate patients on care; build long-term patient relationships, and deal with a variety of nursing duties and patients. They work in ambulatory surgery centers, operating rooms, office practices, schools, hospice, clinics, and for home care agencies. Nurses will be an RN with diploma and also have an AD or BSN. Median salary: $52,100

Pain Management Nurse

Nurses in this field are responsible for assessment, treatment, and monitoring pain. They educate patients on pain management, and make sure the patient is safe during the administering of treatments. Pain management is very important, especially for the terminally ill patient. Nurses must understand the needs of patients with certain pain and conditions, so that the proper pain levels can be assessed. They are advanced practice nurses with a Nurse Practitioner Certificate and Master’s Degree. They also have certification in Advanced Oncology or Palliative Care. Median salary: $78,000

Parish Nurse

Also known as a congregational health nurse, runs a health ministry in a faith-based organization. They help parishioners integrate their lifestyle and faith with their wellbeing. The parish nurse ministry, in many cases, is established by a nurse with an area of expertise or interest in such things as health promotion, geriatrics, or disease management. They may serve a single congregation or several churches; they are sometimes employed by community health services or hospitals. Usually a parish nurse has years of experience in traditional settings and has completed educational certification in an approved program by the International Parish Nurse Resource Center. Median salary: $15,000

Perianesthesia Nurse

Nurses in this role are an RN’s with an AD diploma or BSN. They provide intensive care to patients as they awake from anesthesia. The nurse prepares patients for surgery; monitors and supports a patient’s transition from an anesthetized state safely to a responsive state, and prepares them for transfer from the perianesthesia care unit. A Perianesthesia Nurse knows the responses and complications that can arise from anesthesia, such as hypotension and respiratory distress and can act appropriately. A nurse must have experience in medical/surgical, and critical care; be flexible, have good decision-making and assessment skills; have technological ability, and stress management. Median salary: $79,000

Perinatal Nurse

Nurses in this field should be a RN with AD diploma or a BSN, which is preferred. They care for women, infants and their families from the beginning of pregnancy through the first month of a newborn’s life. They monitor the pregnancy; assess progression of labor, monitor the status of the baby and mother, maintain comfort and calm during labor, and support family members. After the birth, the nurse fosters the mother and infant relationship, assess and evaluate the newborns adjustment to life; support the mother and child in their recovery and teach parenting skills. Peinatal nurses should have people skills, a positive attitude, commitment, tolerance, and patience and flexible schedules. Median salary: $87,900

Perioperative Nurse

Assisting with patient care in the operating room is the nurse’s main role, but they have specialized duties. Professional registered nurses duties include, the pre-operative, intra-operative and postoperative phases of surgery. Perioperative Nurses work closely with patients, family and other healthcare professionals in day surgery units, hospital surgical departments, clinics, and physician’s offices. They plan, implement and evaluate treatments, patient care and may serve as scrub nurses and circulating nurses who manage overall nursing care. Median salary: $69,000

Poison Information Specialist

Specialists in this field provide information to schools, businesses, individuals, and medical professionals regarding poison treatment and prevention. They are licensed pharmacists or licensed RN’s who usually have backgrounds in emergency rooms and ICU’s. They often work in poison control centers where they provide phone triage to people who have ingested poison. They must be able to stay calm when dealing with patients, have the ability to quickly assess a situation and act and provide general information to medical professionals and the public. Median salary: $65.200

Psychiatric Nurse

A nurse in this field is a RN with AD diploma or BSN. The Psychiatric Nurse masters the art of using themselves in therapeutic ways, so as to assist patients in self-understanding and behavior. They view patients from a holistic perspective; taking into account both mental and physical needs, while focusing on their behavior. The nurse works with chronic and acute mental illnesses such as mood disorders, sexual assault and psychoses. They are involved in patient care and relationships and must work well with peers. People skills and patience are needed due to working with difficult or even dangerous patients. Median salary: $80,100

Pulmonary Care Nurse

Treating patients who have lung diseases and respiratory conditions, such as asthma, TB, cystic fibrosis and lung cancer, Pulmonary Care Nurses work with diagnostic technicians and respiratory therapists to develop treatments for patients. They also assist pulmonologists who teat patients with acute and chronic lung diseases. Many are specialized in critical care and work in both hospitals and in patient’s homes, helping them to manage pain and administering medical treatments. They are licensed RN’s with either an Associate’s or Bachelor’s degree in nursing. They will have also completed the NCLEX-RN exam and most will then take one of many certifications offered by the American Association of Critical Care Nurses. Median salary: $61,983

Radiology Nurse

Nurses in this field, are certified as a RNs, have completed advanced education in radiology, passed a national licensing and radiology exam. They care for patients receiving radiological treatments and have diverse and comprehensive tasks as compared to a floor nurse. They are a RN with certification in oncology nursing. They provide mental, emotional, and physical care for patients, while helping patients understand and recuperate from radiology procedures. Nurses perform tasks such as administration of different forms of IVs, monitoring patients, dispensing fluids and medicines, patient assessment and procedure education. Nurses have several types of specialties within radiology to choose from, such as mammography, ultrasound, MRI, CT scan, and nuclear medicine. Radiology nurses work in hospitals, health facilities and specialized facilities. Median salary: $62,400

Rehabilitation Nurse

Nurses in this field care for patients who are experiencing progressive, temporary, or permanent illness or disabilities that are advanced enough to alter their normal functioning and interpret their lifestyle. They have a heavy workload; must have interpersonal skills for long-term relationships with patients; deal with patient grief, paperwork, bureaucracy and financial constraints. They must have medical/surgical skills, be flexible, have patient and family educations skills, be physically fit, and able to collaborate with a team. They work in freestanding facilities, hospitals, and long-term care facilities and are RN’s with AD diploma or BSN. Median salary: $57,300

Reproductive Nurse

Nurses in this field are RN’s who have earned an Associate’s or Bachelor’s degree in nursing and have been certified within their specialty. They provide support and education to patients, families, and couples regarding menopause, fertility, and other reproductive concerns. Often called fertility nurses, they work in clinics that provide treatments; they match egg donors to families, or they work in counseling programs that help patients who have difficulty conceiving. They speak to patients who are going through menopause or having hormonal changes about managing symptoms and/or finding treatments. Working in clinics and hospitals that provide treatments, they discuss reproduction options with hopeful patients wanting to conceive. Median salary: $99,000

School Nurse

Nurses in schools are RN’s who facilitate positive student responses to normal development; promote safety and health; provide case management services; intervene with potential and actual health problems; and actively collaborate with students and family. Nurses may have to adapt to the needs of the students of the area. They assume responsibility for appropriate planning, assessment, intervention, management, evaluation and referral. They are responsible for the direct and indirect care given to patients/students according to district policies, professional standards, doctor’s orders and health plans. They promote prevention and facilitate the removal of health-related barriers to learning and they promote an optimal level of student and staff wellness. Median salary: $43,800

Sports Medicine Specialist

Daily responsibilities of the specialist may include pre-performance evaluation, injury assessment; the treatment of injuries, addressing substance abuse and sport psychology issues. They may work for either amateur or professional teams in any sport and must communicate with other members of their team, the coaches, professional or school administrators, the athletes and their families. Salaries are based on experience, area and type of specialty or facility, but range between $37,000 to 49.000.

Sub-Acute Nurse

The nurse provides comprehensive patient care for those who have had acute illness, the exacerbation of a disease process or injury. Sub acute care is more intensive than regular nursing home care and less intensive than acute care. Issues may include, AIDS, brain injury recovery, postoperative recovery, infections, wound care, ventilator care and hospice. Nurses must have excellent clinical skills, along with an ability to work alone or as part of a team. Skills should include, medical-surgical, extended care, and critical care skills such as assessment, Ventilator, IV therapy, and Tracheostomy skills. Median salary: $40,000

Substance Abuse Nurse

There is a large demand for nurses in this field with 1 in 10 Americans dealing with substance abuse. It is a demanding field, but can be rewarding as patients recover. The nurse’s role is to provide emotional support and administer required medications to patients, which means that the nurse must possess both the necessary technical skills and also the empathy to deal with those who have reached an emotional low point. It is important for the nurse to have patience and understanding as they assess the recovery of patience who may request medications after they are no longer needed. Since relapse is also a factor, the nurse must be able to cope with that fact. If the nurse can stay static, they are better able to serve the patient. A degree in nursing and medical technician training is necessary for this job, and psychological training is also useful. Median salary: $53,000

Supplemental Nurse

Nurses in this field are employed by an agency that provides specific nursing skills to healthcare facilities or hospitals. Sometimes called a travel care or home care nurse, a supplemental nurse can practice in any clinical specialty, in almost any arena of healthcare. Nurses have flexibility of schedule, autonomy, independence and shift preference, but need a strong clinical background, be flexible, and have self-confidence. They must be easily adaptable, possess good people skills and be inquisitive. Median salary: $52,000

Surgical Nurse

Nurses in this field are RN’s have specialized training in various surgical care and work within the context of a surgical team in order to care for patients in all phases of surgical procedure. They work long hours in stressful conditions and must be on their feet for extended periods of time. Nurses may work in hospital trauma, surgery clinics, emergency centers, and surgical suites. Successful nurses have patience, attention to detail, and can work well within a team. Scrub Nurses work within sterile environment, assisting surgeons during procedures. Circulating Nurses (perioperative) also work with the surgical team, but not in the sterile environment. RN First Assistants works directly under the surgeon, have extensive additional training, and provide direct surgical care. Perianesthesia Nurses assist people before and after surgery, they are the ones who begin intravenous lines, assess patients, perform any surgery prep and give out medications. After surgery, they are responsible for monitoring patients as they awake from surgery, including removing IV’s or catheters, checking dressings and wounds and addressing any issues. Median salary: $74,750

Telemetry Nurse

Nurses in this field combine technical skills with interpersonal skills, which makes them essential and unique in a hospital setting. They are in charge of heart rate monitoring devices, blood pressure, oxygen levels, and breathing rates. Careers put nurses on the front line of care; they are ready for action if there are any changes in a patient’s vital signs. Median Salary: $57,000

Telephone Triage Nurse

Nurses in this field are RN’s with AD, diploma or BSN, and work for HMO’s, hospitals, clinics, managed care/insurance, advice centers and telephone triage lines. They provide distance consultations and education, advice, telephone triage, teleradiology, as well as other applications. They speak via telephone to patients, consumers or clients to help them determine the urgency of their medical situation, either referring them to resources or possibly scheduling appointments and giving health advice to callers. This allows for the reduction of clinic and emergency room visits and provides information for self-care and symptom management. Nurses in this field must be able to work alone at a desk for long hours on a computer and telephone. They must have triage experience, typing/computer skills, and have a good telephone manner. It is also important to understand crisis intervention, teaching, critical thinking, clinical, and assessment skills. Median salary: $51,000

Toxicology Nurse

Nurses in this field are RN’s with a Bachelor’s degree in nursing; have passed the NCLEX-RN licensing exam and have at least one year of post-doctoral training. They care for patients who have had exposure to toxins or poisons. They provide treatment and care in order to bring the patients body back into a normal range. They work with providers to organize treatment plans and help evaluate diagnostic tests and EKG findings. Nurses are committed to spreading poison prevention and awareness by educating communities, families and patients. Toxicology Nurses, much like trauma nurses, often work under pressure. They must also ease the fears and concerns of patients and to make treatments go smoothly, give support and advice. Median salary: $50,000

Transplant Nurse

Nurses care for living donors and recipients throughout the transplantation process; it begins with end-stage disease and continues to long-term follow up. Nurses in this field are RN’s with AD, diploma or BSN; they work in transplant centers or in hospitals without centers as a resource to staff. They must be able to evolve with technology, have interdisciplinary collaboration skills, understand organ resource allocation and other ethical issues; be able to deal with loss and grief; have knowledge of high-tech treatments, communicate well and be able to teach. Median salary: $74,300

Trauma Nurse

Position involves quick response to a wide variety to single and multi-system trauma for patients of varying ages, cultures, needs, and symptoms. Nurses in this field must respond with clarity and decisiveness to events that are unexpected; they must assess, intervene, and stabilize patients they know little about. Often working in transport units and inpatient critical care settings, under emergent conditions, including diving accidents, multi-system trauma, shock, poisoning and other medical emergencies. Their role is an autonomous and independent one that has assorted challenges and a variety of duties. Nurses must build relationships, work as a team, use innovative thinking, teach patients, and work under high pressure, in difficult situations. They must be able to overcome cultural and language barriers, and deal with difficult patients. Nurses are RN’s with AD, diploma or preferably a BSN; have experience in medical/surgery, emergency, hands on skill with equipment, be flexible, make decisions easily, and able to assess, assert, and communicate. Median salary: $75,000

Travel Nurse

Nurses in this field work out of agencies, have varying educations and are involved in taking temporary nursing assignments both internationally and domestically. They are frequently in critical care settings, on cruise ships, Indian reservations; hold staff positions, and other special projects. Nurses must be prepared to have little to no orientation on their new location; they move from place to place, often up to four times a year and are challenged on how to obtain licenses, pay taxes and other issues. Nurses need a good clinical foundation and for clinical positions, a critical care background; they must be adaptable, flexible, have an ability to make friends easily and get along. Median salary varies widely: $25,000 plus up to $6,000 bonuses per trip.

Wound and Ostomy Nurse

A WOCN is a clinical nurse whose specialty involves the treatment of patients with chronic and acute wounds, as well as ostomy patients with bladder or bowel diversion. Nurses in this field, are RN’s who have Bachelor’s degrees, are BLS certified usually with a minimum of 3 years clinical experience in Acute Care settings. They must have excellent interpersonal, written and verbal communication skills and be willing to be a part of ongoing education sessions in order to update their certification. Nurses often direct the nursing process in support of the patients at various stages of illness, including pressure ulcers, ostomy surgery, fistulas and complex wounds. They may also be consultants for other nurses and staff. Median salary: $69,000

]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nurse-specialties/feed/ 0 Nursing Information http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nursing-information/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nursing-information/#comments Thu, 17 Jun 2010 18:10:36 +0000 cwatson http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/?p=395 Nursing Specialty Information

Speciality Nursing Practice- Information and websites focusing on nursing specialties.

Nursing Information Speciality- Information about Nursing Infomatics Specialty.

RVCC Nursing Career Center- A look at the different specialties and career alternatives for nurses.

Nursing Speciality Areas- Information on the more popular nursing specialties.

Nursing Internet Resources- Information on nursing opportunities and organizations.

Nursing Salaries

Nursing Salaries and Career Paths- Compare information on nursing salaries in various cities.

Men Make their Mark in Military Nursing- An article on a man’s salaries in the military.

Nursing Salaries and Career Outlook – A look at Registered Nurses salaries.

Nursing Major Guide for 2009-2010 – Information on careers and salaries of nurses.

History

History of Nursing- Information on the historical development of nursing.

History of Nursing Archives- Information on over 250 archive letters dating 1851-1900.

Nursing Licensure – Information on the history of nursing licensure.

History of Nursing Resources – Various resources on the history of nursing.

History of Nursing Occupations- Information on the history of nursing occupations.

Nursing Information

Information Literacy Tutorial - Information on a literacy and narrated tool for information on nursing.

Nursing Career Overview - Learn information about the career of a nurse including different programs and how they can use their profession from the Mayo Clinic.

Nursing - Information on what a person can do with a career in nursing.

What can I do With a Degree In Nursing? - Various ideas and information on what a person can do with a major in nursing.

What can I do with this Nursing Degree? - Information and ideas on different places a person can work as a nurse.

Charge Nurse - Information on what a charge nurse does in Oncology.

Becoming An Army Officer- Information on what it takes to become an army nurse.

Why do You Want to Become a Nurse? - Questioner on why its important to be a nurse and why a person becomes one.

Nursing Journals

Electronic Journals for Nursing - Information on Australian Emergency Nursing Journals.

Nursing Journals at CSUS - Various nursing journals available in print, databases, and from a website.

AN ONLINE PUBLICATION FORBACCALAUREATE NURSING STUDENTS - An online publication of The Journal of Undergraduate Nursing Scholarship for nursing students.

Nursing - A web based tool with resources through the library made for nursing students.

Nursing Libray and Information Resources - Information on finding journals through the School of Nursing at Yale.

Nursing Journals - A list of nursing journals from the IUB Libraries.

Critical Care Nursing Journals - Health links and critical care nursing journals through Health Links University of Washington.

Nursing Journal Article Index - Information on nursing information journals.

Nursing Organizations

Speciality Nursing Organizations - Information on specialty nursing organizations.

Nursing Organizations - News and events on different nursing organizations.

Nursing Organizations – Links to professional nursing organizations for nursing students.

Professional Nursing Organizations - A list of nursing organizations from the College of Nursing in Villanova University.

Nursing Specialities Credentialing and Professional Organizations Page - A list of professional nursing link organizations.

Nursing Associations- Various organizations academically and professionally pertaining to nursing.

Professional Nursing References - Professional organizations from the Cedar Crest College.

Information on a Nurse Practitioner

Internet Resources for Nurse Practitioner Students- Useful information and resources organized for Nurse Practitioner Students.

Nurse Practioners- Information on what a Nurse Practitioner career consists of.

Nurse Practitioners- Questions answered on a Nurse Practitioner’s career.

FAQ’s- Learn the facts and information on a Nurse Practitioner.

Family Nurse Practitioner- Information on what a Nurse Practitioner’s salary

MS in Nursing - Information on the benefits of becoming a Nurse Practitioner.

]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nursing-information/feed/ 0 The Nurse-Patient Relationship http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nurse-patient-relationship/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nurse-patient-relationship/#comments Mon, 07 Jun 2010 19:41:43 +0000 cwatson http://wp.onlinenursing.fhchs.ldev.client-store.com/?p=290 It is a nurse’s job to care for a patient’s medical needs. However, caring for their emotional well-being can have just as beneficial an impact on patient care. The relationship between nurse and patient requires trust, as well as understanding. For a patient to disclose private or embarrassing details about their physical or mental condition, they need to first trust that their nurse will treat them with dignity and respect. Furthermore, patients will only follow the advice of their nurse if they trust in his or her professional opinion. This careful balance of trust and professional respect is the founding principle for a healthy nurse-patient relationship.

Conceptual Framework, Community College of Rhode Island: Illustrates the important of the nurse-patient relationship in a caring practice.

USA Nursing Knowledge Consensus Conference: Discusses the human aspect of the nurse-patient relationship.

The Imbalance of Power
By its very nature, the nurse-patient relationship demonstrates an imbalance of power. The nurse has a more extensive knowledge base in terms of care and treatment options. The patient must rely on their nurse and other health care professionals to advise them of the best treatment options for their needs. As a result, there can be an unintended power struggle. The nurse, feeling he or she knows what is best for the patient, can unwittingly influence a patient’s choice or try to remain in control of medical decisions. While influencing a patient to choose the best course of care is important for patient participation, nurses must learn to walk a fine line between influence and assuming control.

Power Imbalance Study: Discussion on how the imbalance of power inhibits partnership in care.

Patient Participation: Current Knowledge and Applicability to Patient Safety: Article discusses, among other things, how the imbalance of power and nurses’ need to retain control can influence patient participation in care.

Empowering Counseling: Discusses how nurses can influence therapeutic patients by promoting the right atmosphere.

Nurse-Patient Communications
Communication with patients is a primary responsibility for a nurse. However, different patients require different approaches to communications. Depending on a patient’s age, temperament, current medical condition, and other factors, nurses often find their normal methods of communication are ineffective. In these situations, and for patients with special needs, knowing a variety of communication techniques is invaluable.

Communication with Elders: Techniques and training for communicating effectively with elderly patients.

Training Nurses in Patient Communication: Brief article with linked bibliography of resources discussing methods and techniques for nurse-patient communication.

Patient Relations – Communication Skills: Article discussing various verbal and nonverbal communication skills, as well as tips for patients with special communication needs.

Techniques of Therapeutic Communication: PDF File with an overview of various therapeutic techniques for nurse-patient communication.

Age Considerations
The age of a patient has a significant impact on the nurse-patient relationship. Children and the elderly require different treatment options and approaches to the relationship than middle-aged adults. Other family members are routinely involved to varying degrees, and heavily influence the nurse-patient relationship, depending on the age of the patient. For example, the relationship between a nurse and a pediatric patient will greatly rely on the relationship between nurse and parent, as well as parent and child. Likewise, the relationship with an elderly patient will involve influences from other contributing family members. Not only will the care of a patient vary with their age, but so does their ability to communicate and participate in decision-making, which also affects the nurse-patient relationship.

Pediatric Nursing Certification Board: Offers certifications and exams, as well as resources for nurses working with pediatric patients.

National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners: Resources and guides for nurse practitioners working with infants and young children.

University of Minnesota Center for Adolescent Nursing: Includes course information and newsletter for nurses specializing in adolescent care.

Parish Nursing and the Elderly: PDF discussion of the benefits of parish nursing and the elderly, how small communities and parish nursing effect patient outcomes.

Nursing Care Improves Elderly Care: PDF document discussing the work practices and knowledge gaps that can make nursing elderly patients difficult.

Ethnic, Race, and Cultural Considerations
Cultural background, race, and ethnicity play an important role in a patient’s life. Not only do these factors play a part in medical issues and diagnoses, but also in their state of mind and emotional approach to medical care. Understanding the subtle, and at times not so subtle, differences in family life, cultural habits, physical differences, and other defining attributes helps nurses understand how best to help their patients. Sensitivity to cultural diversity can make all the difference in building a healthy nurse-patient relationship.

Transcultural Nursing: Website devoted to cultural considerations involved in treating patients of different ethnic backgrounds.

Student Notes Culture and Ethnicity in Nursing: PDF file intended for student nurses to explore the concepts of cultural and racial differences as perceived by patients.

The Basics of Race, Ethnicity, and Health Care: Resources, including governmental agencies and nonprofit foundations, that offer information on cultural and racial issues in nursing and health care.

New Mexico State University: Information for nurses and other health care providers based on ethnic groups.

Maintaining Boundaries
Given the close, personal nature involved in caring for another person, it is easy to let professional boundaries blur. Nurses today are encouraged to take a more human, holistic approach to patient care. That increased sensitivity and attention to the emotional side of a patient’s treatment can easily lead to a loss of the professional distance nurses must maintain. Learning to balance care and compassion, while maintaining a professional distance is a difficult task to master, even for experienced nurses. However, it is imperative that nurses find and maintain that balance. Government regulations, malpractice insurance, and disciplinary measures ensure that nurses who routinely cross the line and inappropriately blur professional boundaries no longer practice.

Sexual Misconduct Prohibited: Discussion of requirements, prohibited relationships, and establishing professional boundaries to avoid sexual misconduct.

Public Health Nurses Professional Boundaries: Publication from the Arkansas State Board of Nursing, including an extensive article on professional boundaries for nurses.

Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services: Resources and links on accountability in nursing conduct. Includes a section specifically about boundaries between nurse and patient.

Nursing Practice Standards
It is normal for a patient to feel gratitude towards a nurse who has helped them through a difficult medical treatment. However, there are standards nurses must follow when giving and receiving gifts, hugging and touching patients, or other instances that may blur the line between personal and professional involvement. In small communities or in cases where a nurse cares for close friends or family, it is even harder to maintain professional standards. However, there are rules and standards for every profession, including nursing. There are ethical codes of conduct and actions for which all nurses are held accountable, no matter the patient.

Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationship: PDF from the College of Nurses of Ontario covering all aspects of standards including boundaries, working for friends and family, giving or accepting gifts, and other standards.

Elder Abuse: Standards set forth by the NJ State Nurses Association regarding elder abuse, what constitutes abuse or coercion, why it happens, and a nurse’s responsibility for reporting.

Therapeutic Boundaries: While written from a rural psychotherapy point of view, the issues of appropriate boundaries and relationships also apply to nursing and other health care providers in small communities.

Practice Alerts and Guidelines: Example of the Code of Ethics for nurses, covering a nurse’s primary commitment to the patient and maintaining the dignity of the profession.

]]> http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nurse-patient-relationship/feed/ 0 Nursing Career Resource Guide http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nursing-career-guide/ http://onlinenursing.fhchs.edu/news/nursing-career-guide/#comments Mon, 07 Jun 2010 19:21:35 +0000 cwatson http://wp.onlinenursing.fhchs.ldev.client-store.com/?p=283 A career in nursing is an exciting way to earn a living and help people at the same time. There is much to consider when looking at nursing as a career option, and there are many online resources that can provide information to help those who want a job in the nursing industry. Here are some of the best links on a career in nursing. They are designed to give users an overview of the profession and also to help them take the next step towards that nursing career.

General Nursing Statistics

  • Auxiliary Nurse Salaries Comparison — Nurses can find work all over the world, and this site compares the salaries that auxiliary nurses earn in many different countries.
  • BLS: Health Care and Other Service — This page on healthcare employment from the Bureau of Labor Statistics includes nurse employment rates, salaries, and more.
  • Facts about the Nursing Shortage — A nursing shortage is driving the high demand for nurses, and this article looks at the statistics related to this shortage and what can be done to increase the number of available nurses.
  • A Healthy Employment Future — Southern California Public Radio hosts this brief article on the future of nursing employment that includes some statistics for future nursing job growth.
  • Registered Nurse Fact Sheet — The American Association of Critical Care Nurses hosts this fact sheet on the number of registered nurses, their salaries, and other important information.

Types of Nurses

  • Generic Job Description: LPN — Yale University hosts this page that describes the duties of most licensed practical nurses.
  • Nurse Practitioner — Roanoke College is the source of this page that is all about the duties of nurse practitioners.
  • Nursing Specialties — The Mayo Clinic describes many nursing specialties on this page.
  • Registered Nurses Summary Report — The many important tasks of registered nurses are listed on this website.
  • Unusual Nursing Jobs — This article lists five jobs that those who are pursuing nursing may not think of when they are looking for a nursing position.

Nursing Programs

  • Applying to Nursing School — The University of California Berkeley Career Center has this helpful overview page on what nursing programs require and how to apply to one of them.
  • The Best Nursing Programs — Information on highly-rated nursing programs around the country can be found on this page.
  • Training in the United States — Here is a basic article on the ways nursing programs train nurses in the United States.
  • University of Florida College of Nursing — The University of Florida is known for its excellence in healthcare, and their College of Nursing website will give prospective nurses a feel for what will be required of them in most nursing programs.

Finding a Nursing School

  • AANA Accreditation — This page enables users to find nurse anesthetist programs accredited by the American Academy of Nurse Anesthetists Council on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthesia Educational Programs.
  • Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education — The Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education accredits nurse-midwife programs in the United States.
  • CCNE Accreditation — This page will help students find nursing programs that feature Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education accreditation.
  • NLNAC Accredited Programs — This page will help interested students find a nursing program accredited by the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission.
  • Online Nursing Schools — This page allows users to access information on different online nursing schools and other nursing programs in the country.

Testing Requirements for Nurses

Finding a Nursing Job

  • Finding a Job in Nursing — Here are 20 basic tips for finding a nursing job.
  • Landing a Licensed Practical Nurse Job — Future licensed practical nurses should find this information on applying for a licensed practical nurse position quite helpful.
  • Nursing Jobs.org — This site allows a comprehensive search for nursing jobs all over the United States
  • Nursing Jobs.us — Free registration at this website can help nurses find a job in nursing.
  • Travel Nurse Across America — Travel Nurse Across Academy offers nurses the opportunity to work in the travel nurse industry.
  • VA Careers — Interested parties can find nursing jobs offered in the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs on this site.
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